Abstract
This memo gives a high-level overview of grid connection options relevant for Future large and Far offshore wind farms, with brief descriptions of the most important technologies involved. It includes a brief description of existing solutions with some examples. The memo is of preliminary nature For internal use in the HiPRwind project (www.hgoerwind.eu), and is intended to serve as basis for the final report. However, results and data in the final report may deviate from the information in this memo without special notification.
Offshore wind Farms in operation and in planning today rely on fairly conventional and well-proven technology, with medium voltage radial Feeder type AC collection grid and high voltage AC (and to some degree DC) radial transmission to shore. Wind turbines operate at variable speed and are controlled via power converters that give a high level of controllability. Coordinated wind farm level control is less utilised.
For large and far offshore wind farms, the preferred transmission technology is likely to be based on VSC HVDC. If DC protection becomes available at a competitive price, multi-terminal DC grids that combine wind Farm grid connection and power exchange between different price areas are also likely to appear.
Offshore wind Farms in operation and in planning today rely on fairly conventional and well-proven technology, with medium voltage radial Feeder type AC collection grid and high voltage AC (and to some degree DC) radial transmission to shore. Wind turbines operate at variable speed and are controlled via power converters that give a high level of controllability. Coordinated wind farm level control is less utilised.
For large and far offshore wind farms, the preferred transmission technology is likely to be based on VSC HVDC. If DC protection becomes available at a competitive price, multi-terminal DC grids that combine wind Farm grid connection and power exchange between different price areas are also likely to appear.
