Many of the mineral resources we need are classified as Critical Raw Materials (CRM). These materials have high economic value and are essential to strategic value chains. They are also difficult to substitute with other minerals.
CRMs can be sourced from primary sources, such as mineral extraction on land or seabed, and secondary sources, including end products, by-products, or tailings from other industries.
The demand for mineral resources is also rising in the building and construction industry. Sand, gravel, crushed stone, and natural stone are vital raw materials.
Therefore, we must identify the most sustainable solutions for extraction, processing, refinement/metal production, and recycling. It is also crucial to streamline value chains, for instance, through circular economy models, while protecting nature, the environment, and social sustainability.
