Abstract
Abstract
Background: Research increasingly focuses on how autistic individuals use different strategies to adapt to their social environment. Awareness about how these strategies could impact well-being is essential. In this study, we aimed to explore the developmental perspective of social strategies and identity formation from childhood to young adulthood among young autistic adults.
Methods: Participants were initially recruited in 2009 when diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) centers in one region of Norway (Mage = 12 years). For this follow-up study, 14 participants agreed to take part in individual in-depth, semistructured interviews conducted ∼12 years later. We applied reflexive thematic analysis to the interview material.
Results: From the analysis of the interviews, we identified one overarching theme: I have tried to fit in, but I just want to be me: Development toward agency. The overarching theme represents an ongoing process of agency, tied to three main themes. Participants reported functioning differently in social situations throughout development (Theme 1) when compared with non-autistic peers. Consequently, they reflected on helpful strategies (Theme 2) that they found beneficial in navigating the social world. Gradually, the participants developed identity formation toward acceptance of being different (Theme 3).
Conclusion: This study highlights the complexity of social interaction and self-perception in autism. Participants recognized their unique ways of interacting and used various strategies to fit in. Growing older, they became more self-aware and preferred social situations that met their needs for predictability, quiet environments, and routines. Interestingly, participants did not always view autism as a core part of their identity. This suggests that autistic adults may be more satisfied in acknowledging and appreciating their differences rather than trying to fit into conform identities. Our findings highlight the need to encourage strategies that promote well-being and individuality as autistic individuals become adults.
Background: Research increasingly focuses on how autistic individuals use different strategies to adapt to their social environment. Awareness about how these strategies could impact well-being is essential. In this study, we aimed to explore the developmental perspective of social strategies and identity formation from childhood to young adulthood among young autistic adults.
Methods: Participants were initially recruited in 2009 when diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) centers in one region of Norway (Mage = 12 years). For this follow-up study, 14 participants agreed to take part in individual in-depth, semistructured interviews conducted ∼12 years later. We applied reflexive thematic analysis to the interview material.
Results: From the analysis of the interviews, we identified one overarching theme: I have tried to fit in, but I just want to be me: Development toward agency. The overarching theme represents an ongoing process of agency, tied to three main themes. Participants reported functioning differently in social situations throughout development (Theme 1) when compared with non-autistic peers. Consequently, they reflected on helpful strategies (Theme 2) that they found beneficial in navigating the social world. Gradually, the participants developed identity formation toward acceptance of being different (Theme 3).
Conclusion: This study highlights the complexity of social interaction and self-perception in autism. Participants recognized their unique ways of interacting and used various strategies to fit in. Growing older, they became more self-aware and preferred social situations that met their needs for predictability, quiet environments, and routines. Interestingly, participants did not always view autism as a core part of their identity. This suggests that autistic adults may be more satisfied in acknowledging and appreciating their differences rather than trying to fit into conform identities. Our findings highlight the need to encourage strategies that promote well-being and individuality as autistic individuals become adults.
