Abstract
This presentation** focuses on the SPARSE project, which aims to develop low-cost, long-term geophysical monitoring for CO₂ storage using passive and active seismic, electromagnetic, gravity, and surface deformation data. The project explores sparse node-based monitoring to ensure containment and conformance while reducing the need for conventional active surveys. A key research area is the use of teleseismic data—leveraging large natural earthquakes—to detect CO₂ storage effects, with early results showing promising 4D monitoring capabilities. Ongoing work includes refining data processing, integration, and automation to enhance the effectiveness of this approach.