Abstract
The SPARSE Second Workshop presentation covers advancements in geophysical monitoring for CO₂ storage, focusing on active and passive data exploitation. It discusses seismic, electromagnetic, and teleseismic monitoring techniques, with an emphasis on detecting small amounts of CO₂ and quantifying pressure and saturation changes. The project explores the feasibility of using teleseismic data from distant earthquakes as a low-cost monitoring alternative and integrates machine learning for conformance assessment. Ongoing work includes data validation, geomechanical modeling, and optimizing sensor placement to enhance the effectiveness of sparse monitoring networks.